Laboratory diagnosis can be done on stool samples, rectal swabs, and even blood in the case of Campylobacter fetus, the diagnosis relies on culture using selective media, molecular detection, or rapid diagnostic tests like Gram stain and biochemical tests. Many studies have investigated the genes responsible for differentiation between species including hipO and asp genes. The hipO gene region is the hippuricase gene specific for C. jejuni, and the asp gene region, the aspartokinase gene specific for C. coli.
Author(s) Details:
Thanaa R. Abdulrahman
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, AL-Nahrain University, Iraq.
Ghada N. Khalaf
Department of Pathological and Medical Analysis, MSc Microbiology, Iraq.
Jabbar S. Hassan
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, AL-Nahrain University, Iraq.
Recent Global Research Developments in Global Trends in Campylobacter Infection
Global Epidemiology of Campylobacteriosis: This review covers the global epidemiology of campylobacteriosis from 2014 to 2021, highlighting the incidence and outbreaks of Campylobacter infections. It notes that Campylobacter jejuni is the most common species causing infections, and the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced the reported incidence in many countries [1] .
Clinical Characteristics and Antimicrobial Susceptibility: A multicenter retrospective study explored the clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter bacteraemia. It found a significant increase in Campylobacter enteritis cases and high quinolone resistance, emphasizing the need for national surveillance [2] .
Pathogenicity Factors and Prevention Methods: This review summarizes the current knowledge on Campylobacter, focusing on its virulence factors and prevention methods. It highlights the global burden of campylobacteriosis, affecting around 550 million people annually [3] .
Molecular Targets in Campylobacter Infections: This article discusses novel strategies and trends in combating Campylobacter infections, including molecular targets for prevention and treatment [4] .
Impact of COVID-19 on Campylobacter Infections: Another study reviewed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of Campylobacter infections, noting a decrease in reported cases during the pandemic [1] .
References
- Liu F, Lee SA, Xue J, Riordan SM and Zhang L (2022) Global epidemiology of campylobacteriosis and the impact of COVID-19. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 12:979055. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.979055
- Baek, Y.J., Song, J.E., Kim, E.J. et al. Trends, clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and outcomes of Campylobacter bacteraemia: a multicentre retrospective study. Infection 52, 857–864 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-023-02118-4
- Kreling, V., Falcone, F.H., Kehrenberg, C. et al. Campylobacter sp.: Pathogenicity factors and prevention methods—new molecular targets for innovative antivirulence drugs?. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104, 10409–10436 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10974-5
- Heimesaat MM, Backert S, Alter T, Bereswill S. Molecular Targets in Campylobacter Infections. Biomolecules. 2023; 13(3):409. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13030409
