Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are a group of plasmid-mediated, diverse, complex and rapidly evolving enzymes that are posing a major therapeutic challenge today in the treatment of hospitalized and community-based patients. ESBLs were first described in the 1980s in pathogenic bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients . The frequency of UTIs depends on age and gender. Women are much more affected than men given the proximity of the anal tract and the urinary meatus. There are an estimated 150 million urinary tract infections per year worldwide. In the United States, urinary tract infections result in approximately 8 million physician visits per year.
A study conducted in 2006 by Roos et al., showed that UTIs affected more than ten million people in Western Europe. Katongole et al. reported in Uganda that E. coli causes 80 to 90% of community urinary tract infections and 30 to 50% of those contracted in hospitals.
In France, 20 to 25% of infections occurring in hospitals are nosocomial urinary tract infections. In Africa, the prevalence among women of childbearing age varies from country to country. In Guinea Bissau, it is 20%. In Mauritania, 10% according to a study carried out in 2008. In the Republic of Guinea, in 1996, urological emergencies represented 7.70% of medico-surgical emergencies at the Ignace-Deen National Hospital in Conakry and constituted 60% of admissions to the service. While the majority of patients came from Lower Guinea, i.e. 67.9%, Upper Guinea and Forest Guinea were poorly represented with 7.8 and 2.2% respectively.
Author(s) Details:
Taliby Dos Camara
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry BP: 1147, Republic of Guinea.
Abdoulaye Makanera
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry BP: 1147, Republic of Guinea and Biomedical Laboratory of the China-Guinea Friendship Hospital, Kipé, Cité des Médecins, Commune Ratoma 30 BP: 710 Conakry, Republic of Guinea.
Mounaida Rachid
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry BP: 1147, Republic of Guinea and National Reference Laboratory for Mycobacteria at the CHU Ignace Deen in Conakry, Republic of Guinea.
Mory Camara
Biomedical Laboratory of the China-Guinea Friendship Hospital, Kipé, Cité des Médecins, Commune Ratoma 30 BP: 710 Conakry, Republic of Guinea.
Recent Global Research Developments in Insights into Urinary Tract Infections: Trends and Impacts
Definitions of Urinary Tract Infection in Current Research: A Systematic Review: This systematic review highlights the heterogeneity in UTI definitions across studies. It emphasizes the need for a consensus-based reference standard for UTI diagnosis in research [1] .
Deep Insights into Urinary Tract Infections and Effective Natural Remedies: This review discusses the prevalence of UTIs, particularly in women, and explores natural remedies such as herbal medicines, vitamins, and probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics [2] .
Urinary Tract Infection Updates and Recent Developments: This article reviews recent findings on the pathology, diagnosis, management, and prevention of UTIs, with a focus on pediatric UTIs [3] .
Urinary Tract Infections: Current and Emerging Management Strategies: This review examines current management strategies for UTIs and emerging treatments, including novel compounds and vaccines aimed at preventing both acute and recurrent infections [4] .
Recent Advances in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections: This article discusses the latest advancements in UTI treatment, including new antibiotics and non-antibiotic therapies, and the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance [5] .
References
- Manu P Bilsen, Rosa M H Jongeneel, Caroline Schneeberger, Tamara N Platteel, Cees van Nieuwkoop, Lona Mody, Jeffrey M Caterino, Suzanne E Geerlings, Bela Köves, Florian Wagenlehner, Simon P Conroy, Leo G Visser, Merel M C Lambregts, Definitions of Urinary Tract Infection in Current Research: A Systematic Review, Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 7, July 2023, ofad332, https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad332
- Fazly Bazzaz, B.S., Darvishi Fork, S., Ahmadi, R. et al. Deep insights into urinary tract infections and effective natural remedies. Afr J Urol 27, 6 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-020-00111-z
- Keller, L.J., Glauser, J. Urinary Tract Infection Updates and Recent Developments. Curr Emerg Hosp Med Rep 8, 41–44 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40138-020-00209-2
