Fillers are obtained either from naturally occurring materials (mineral fillers) or are formulated synthetically (synthetic fillers). Commonly used fillers include clays, limestone, talc (aluminium silicate and soapstone) and glass spheres. Micro-/nano-SiO2, Al2O2, Mg(OH)2, CaCO3, BaSO4, particles, nanotubes, and layered silicates form other forms of fillers. Chalk filler is normally produced with an average particle size of 3 µm, with 40wt% of the particles being finer than 2 µm. Limestone and marble fillers, are produced with a particle size distribution of 3 – 5 µm, with 20 – 30wt% of the particles being finer than 2 µm.
Author(s) Details:
Maina Maringa,
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, 20 President Brand Street Westdene, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa.
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